What Causes Dandruff To Flare Up
If you suffer from dandruff, you’re not alone. This common skin condition affects millions of people, regardless of age, ethnicity or gender. However, the causes and treatments for dandruff range widely and can be specific to each individual. In this article, we explore the variety of causes and treatments for dandruff, so you can understand the best way to manage this condition.
Psoriasis or Dandruff?
One common skin condition that is often confused with dandruff is psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes an overproduction of skin cells, resulting in patches of raised, red, scaly skin. Unlike dandruff which is typically caused by factors such as oily skin, hormones, or overgrowth of yeast on the scalp, psoriasis is caused by an immune system dysfunction.
Psoriasis can be mild or severe, and the severity often determines the type of treatment needed. Mild cases of psoriasis can often be treated effectively with over-the-counter medicated shampoos, while more severe cases may require prescription medication, such as oral medications, injections, or topical creams.
6 Causes of Dandruff and How to Treat Them
There are a variety of factors that can contribute to dandruff, including:
1. Poor Scalp Hygiene
Not washing your hair frequently enough or failing to remove all hair products from your hair and scalp can lead to a buildup of oils and dead skin cells, which can eventually cause dandruff. If you have an oily scalp, consider washing your hair daily with a gentle shampoo to help prevent dandruff.
2. Dry Skin
Dry skin can be a common cause of dandruff, particularly during the winter months when the air is dry. To combat dry skin, try using a moisturizing shampoo and conditioner, and avoid using hot water when washing your hair, as it can dry out your scalp even further.
3. Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis is a skin condition caused by an allergic reaction to a substance, such as hair dye, or by using a product that irritates the skin, such as a certain shampoo or conditioner. If you suspect you may have contact dermatitis, try switching to a hypoallergenic shampoo and conditioner to see if your symptoms improve.
4. Malassezia
Malassezia is a type of fungus that exists on everyone’s scalp but can overgrow and cause dandruff. It’s often triggered by excessive oil production on the scalp. To help prevent malassezia overgrowth, try using a shampoo that contains zinc pyrithione, which can help to kill the fungus.
5. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition that causes red, itchy, and flaky skin, typically on the scalp but can also affect other areas of the body. While the exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is unknown, it may be related to a yeast overgrowth on the skin. Treatment for seborrheic dermatitis can include medicated shampoos, corticosteroid creams, or antifungal medications.
6. Medical Conditions
Dandruff can also be a symptom of an underlying medical condition, such as anemia, HIV, or Parkinson’s disease. If you have unexplained dandruff or other unusual symptoms, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider to rule out any potential underlying health issues.
Treatments for Dandruff
The treatment for dandruff may vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. However, several options exist for managing dandruff, including:
1. Medicated Shampoos
Over-the-counter medicated shampoos containing ingredients like salicylic acid, coal tar, or zinc pyrithione can be effective in managing dandruff. In some cases, prescription-strength medicated shampoos or topical medications may be recommended.
2. Scalp Treatments
Scalp treatments, such as tea tree oil or apple cider vinegar, may help to reduce dandruff symptoms. However, more research is needed to determine their effectiveness, and they should not be used as a substitute for medicated treatments.
3. Prescription Medications
In severe cases, prescription medication may be needed to manage dandruff. This can include oral medications, injections, or topical creams.
4. Lifestyle Changes
Some simple lifestyle changes, like washing your hair more often, avoiding hair products that contain harsh chemicals, and reducing stress levels, can help reduce dandruff symptoms. Eating a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals may also help to improve the health of your scalp and hair.
Overall, dandruff is a common and often manageable skin condition. By understanding the underlying causes and utilizing effective treatments, you can successfully manage your dandruff and enjoy healthy, beautiful hair.